THE OBLIGATORY (FARZ) ACTIONS OF NAMAAZ
'Watch over all your prayers and especially the middle prayer, and stand before Allah with true devotion'
(Surah Al-Baqara. verse 238)
Either unintentional or deliberate omission of any of obligatory (faraiz) will invalidate the Namaaz, and it cannot be rectified even with sajda sawh. In such circumstances, the Namaaz has to be repeated. (Bahar e Shariyat)
1. Takbeer e Tahreema-the initial takbeer Allaahu Akbar to commence Namaaz. To say takbeer e tahreema in standing position is obligatory in all those Namaaz in which qiyam is obligatory. Namaaz is not established if one says Allaahu Akbar in a sitting position. (Fatawa Alamgiri, Durr e Mukthar)
2. Qiyam- to stand placing their right hand over the left below the umbilicus.
3. Qira'at- the recitation of The Quran verses systematically and with correct pronunciations in Namaaz.
4. Ruku.
5. Sajda.
6. Qa'dah e Akheerah.
7. Khurooj be- Sun'ehi- to terminate and come out of Namaaz by making salaam.
THE ESSENTIAL (WAJIBAAT) ACTIONS OF NAMAAZ
'Whilst in ibadat, believe that you are seeing Allah Ta'ala, or at the least, Allah Ta'ala is seeing you' (Hadith)
Either unintentional or deliberate omission of any wajibaat invalidates the Namaaz. However, sajda sawh rectifies the Namaaz with some unintentional missed wajibaat, if one recollects before concluding the Namaaz. If any wajibaat is deliberately omitted, then Namaaz cannot be rectified even with sajda sawh. The Namaaz has to be repeated.
1. To say Allaahu Akbar for takbeer e tahreema. (Durr e Mukhtar)
2. To recite Surah Fateha in every rakaat. It is makhrooh and against sunnah to say aameen loudly in Namaaz after Surah Fateha. (Fatawa Razviyah)
3. To add a surah or a long verse or three verses with Surah Fateha in the first two rakaats of farz Namaaz. (Bahar e Shariyat)
4. To add a surah with Surah Fateha in all rakaats of Nafil, Sunnat and Witr Namaaz. (Bahar e Shariyat)
5. Nothing should be recited between Surah Fateha and the annexed surah except for Bismil-laahir Rahmaan nir Raheem and aameen.
(Bahar e Shariyat)
6. '''To perform ruku immediately after qira'at. (Radd Ul Muhtar)
7. ''''To perform ruku only once in each rakaat. (Durr e Mukhtar)
8. '''To stand erect in qaumah after ruku-before going in sajda. If you are too
''''''''''' ''quick and your back is not straight, you miss a wajib. (Bahar e Shariyat)
9. To perform the second sajda immediately after the first one. (Bahar e Shariyat)
10. Perform sajda only twice for each rakaat. (Fatawa Razviyah)
11. To sit upright in jalsa position between the two sajda. If you rush and do not sit upright, you miss a wajib and your Namaaz will become makhrooh e tehreemi (strongly disapproved act)- to repeat the Namaaz becomes wajib. (Bahar e Shariyat)
12. To perform sajda e tilawat if ayat e sajda has been recited. (Fatawa Razviyah)
13. It is wajib to stay at least for the time taken to say Subhan Allah once while performing each Ta'deel e Arkaan i.e. ruku, sajda, jalsa an qaumah.
14. To sit in qa'dah after every two rakaats when you are performing three or four rakaat Namaaz, even in nafil Namaaz is wajib. (Munyatul-Musallec)
15. To recite tashahhud entirely without missing any word in both qa'dah e oola and in qa'dah e akhreerah. (Durr e Mukhtar)
16. To recite nothing after tashahhud in qa'dah e oola of farz, witr and sunnat e mu'akkadah Namaaz. (Fatawa Razviyah)
17. If you unintentionally read Al-Laahum-ma Sal-li 'Alaa Saiey-yidinaa Muhammad after tashahhud in the first qa'dah (qa'dah e oola), you have to do sajda sawh.
18. To say takbeer Allaahu Akbar for dua e qunoot. (Fatawa Alamgiri)
19. To recite dua e qunoot in Witr Namaaz. (Fatawa Razviyah)
20. To say the six additional takbeer in Eid Namaaz. (Bahar e Shariyat)
21. To say takbeer of Allaahu Akbar of ruku in the second rakaat of Eid Namaaz. (Bahar e Shariyat)
22. The imaam should recite aloud in the first two rakaats of Magrib and Isha, in every rakaat of Fajr, Juma, Eidain, Taraweeh, and Witr of Ramadhan. (Durr e Mukhtar)
23. The imaam should recite silently in Zohr and Asr Namaaz. (Fatawa Razviyah)
24. To perform Namaaz in the correct sequence.
25. Not to pause for more than the time taken to recite Subhan Allah three times between two faraiz, two wajibaat or farz and wajib.
26. Remain silent when the imaam is reciting The Holy Quran, irrespective of whether the recitation is aloud or silent. (Fatawa Razviyah)
27. Follow the imaam through the whole Namaaz except qira'at (recitation of the verses of The Holy Quran).
