ABLUTION (WUDU)
Allah Ta'ala states in The Holy Quran:
'O you who believe! When you stand up for prayer (salaah), then wash your faces and your hands up to the elbows and pass your wet hands over your heads and wash your feet up to the ankles'
(Surah Al-Maida. verse 06)
Hazrat Umamah(Radi Allaahu Anhu) narrates that Prophe t ﷺ said, 'whenever a man performs his ablution intending to pray and washes his hands, the sins of his hands fall down with the first drop. When he rinses his mouth and nose, the sins of his tongue and lips fall down with the first drop. When he washes his face, the sins of his hearing and sight fall down with the first drop. When he washes his arms to his elbows, and his feet to his ankles, he is purified from every sin and fault like the day he was born from his mother. If he stands for prayer, Allah will raise his status by a degree. If he sits, he will sit in peace'. (Musnad Ahmad)
METHOD OF PERFORMING ABLUTION (WUDU)
khilaal- the act of ritually purifying the fingers, toes or beard for prayer
1. It is a sunnah to make intention for wudu. Pronouncing it verbally is better.
'I intend to make wudu to fulfil the command of Allah Ta'ala and to purify myself'.
2. Wash both hands up to the wrist three times and do khilaal of the fingers.
3. Use a teeth-cleaning twig (miswak) to clean your teeth. One can use the fingers in the absence of a miswak, but miswak is preferable.
4. Rinse your mouth three times with three handful of water, making sure that water reaches all parts of the mouth. Also gargle if you are not fasting.
5. Sniff water three times into the nose right up to the hard bone. If you are not fasting, then take the water right up to the top of the bone. Use the baby finger of the left hand to clear the inside of the nose.
6. Wash the whole face three times making sure that water flows on every part of the skin from the top of the forehead (the point where hair begins to grow) to the bottom of the chin, and from one ear lobe to the other. Do khilaal by inserting the fingers into the beard from the neck towards the front.
7. Wash the right arm three times making sure every part of the skin is washed from the tips of the fingers up to, and including the elbow. Wash the left arm in the same manner. To wash up to halfway up the upper arm is preferable. There is no need to tip a handful of water over the arms if the hands are washed in the mentioned manner. Tipping a handful of water over the arms may result in the elbows and the wrist being unwashed.
8. Wipe the head by joining the tips of the three fingers, other than the index fingers and thumbs of both hands and placing them on the forehead. Then pull towards the back of the neck without letting the palms touching the head. Then, place each palm on either side of the head and pull across the sides back to the forehead. Do not let the index finger and the thumb to touch the head. Then, use your index fingers to wipe the inside of the ears, the thumbs for the back and the baby fingers should be inserted inside the ears. Then wipe the back of the neck using the back of both hands. It is not a sunnah to wipe the front of the neck.
9. Wash the feet three times, first the right and then the left, beginning from the toes up to the top of the ankles. It is a sunnah to do khilaal of the toes of the feet by using the baby finger of the left hand and begin with the baby toe of the right foot and work your way up to the big toe. Use the same finger of the left hand and work your way from the big toe of the left foot to the baby toe.
Recite: 'Allaahummaj alni minat tawwabeen. Waj alni Minal Muta tah hireen'
''O Allah! Make me amongst those who repent abundantly and make me amongst those who stay clean' with durood before and after.
OBLIGATORY (FARZ) ACTIONS OF ABLUTION (WUDU)
Washing means that at least two drops of water must flow over the limb. Moistening the limb or rubbing a wet hand over it, or if only one drop of water flows over the limb, then, the wudu will be incomplete.
1. Washing the face once.
2. Washing both arms including the elbows.
3. Wiping a quarter of the head (masah).
4. Washing the feet inclusive of the ankles.
SUNNAH ACTIONS OF ABLUTION (WUDU)
'''' 1.' To make intention (niyat).
'''' 2.' Reciting Bismillaahi Wal Hamdulillah before performing wudu.
'''' 3.' Washing both hands up to the wrists three times.
'''' 4.' Cleaning teeth with a twig (miswak).
'''' 5.' Rinsing the mouth three times.
'''' 6.' Sucking water into the nostrils three times.
'''' 7.' Using the right hand to put water into the nostrils.
'''' 8.' Using the left hand to clean the nostrils.
'''' 9.' Khilaal of the beard.
'' 10.' Khilaal of the fingers and toes.
'' 11.' Washing each limb three times.
'' 12.' Wiping the full head once (masah).
'' 13.' Wiping both the ears once (masah).
'' 14.' Performing wudu in order of sequence (tarteeb).
'' 15.' Making masah of the beard strands under the area of the face (hanging beard).
'' 16.' Washing of each limb, one after the other without delaying, so that no limb
''''''''' dries up before the next limb is washed.
WHEN IS WUDU BROKEN?
1. If blood or pus discharged from the body flows or can flow onto a part of the
of the body that must be washed will invalidate the wudu. If the blood only rises to the surface and does not flow, then wudu will not break.
2. Injecting a needle will only nullify wudu if the amount of blood discharged can
flow.'''''
'''' 3.' Taking out blood for blood test will nullify the wudu. Blood is impure as urine.
'''' 4.' Vomiting that is a mouthful will invalidate wudu. Vomit is as impure as urine.
'''' 5.' Bleeding in the mouth will invalidate the wudu if the blood dominates the
'''''''''' colour of the spit.
'''' 6.' Sleeping whilst the buttocks are not being pressed firmly against the floor or
any other surface will invalidate wudu.
'''' 7.' Sleeping with the buttocks not pressed firmly in a position that does not
prevent you from indulging in deep sleep will invalidate wudu.
PERMISSIBILITY OF PERFORMING WUDU IN A COMBINED SHOWER/TOILET
The modern houses nowadays have a combined shower and the toilet, where the hand basin is also located. To answer this question, we have to acknowledge the fact that in olden days and even now in some villages the pit toilets are used. In these toilets, the human wastes remain in the pit. The place is impure and performing ghusl or wudu in such a place is not permitted.
However, in the combined shower and toilet in modern homes, we have the flush toilets, where the toilet disposes of human waste by using the force of water to flush it through a drainpipe to another location, thus making the place free of any impurities. The place becomes clean and pure, and it is permissible to perform wudu in a combined shower and toilet.
Hazrat Abu Hurairah(Radi Allaahu Anhu) narrates that Prophet Muhammad ﷺ said, 'the prayer of a person who does hadath (passes urine, stool or wind) is not accepted till he performs (repeats) the ablution'. (Bukhari)
Hazrat `Abbas Bin Tamim narrates that his uncle asked Prophet ﷺ about a person who imagined to have passed wind during the prayer. Prophet ﷺ replied, 'he should not leave his prayers unless he hears sound or smells something'. (Bukhari)
Hazrat Jabir Ibne Abdullah(Radi Allaahu Anhu) narrates that Prophet Muhammadﷺ said, 'the key to Paradise is Prayer; the key to Prayer is ablution (wudu).
(Musnad Ahmad)
